Which device is appropriate for both breathing and non-breathing patients?

The bag-valve-mask resuscitator is appropriate for both breathing and non-breathing patients because it allows for the delivery of positive pressure ventilation. In the case of a non-breathing patient, the device can effectively provide oxygen directly into the lungs, which is critical during resuscitation efforts. It is designed to create a tight seal over the patient's face, enabling the rescuer to deliver breaths effectively.

For breathing patients, the bag-valve-mask can additionally support or enhance their breathing efforts, especially if they are experiencing difficulty or inadequate ventilation. The device's ability to deliver controlled breaths makes it versatile and essential in emergency situations, where a patient's respiratory status may change rapidly.

Other devices, such as nasal cannulas or standard masks, are suitable for patients who are breathing but may not provide adequate support for those who are not breathing. Non-rebreather masks primarily focus on delivering high concentrations of oxygen to breathing patients and would not be effective for patients who require rescue breathing.